Zhmakin, A. I.
Physical aspects of cryobiology
PHYSICS-USPEKHI, 51:231-252, MAR 2008

Physical phenomena during biological freezing and thawing processes at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ levels are examined. The basics of cryosurgery and cryopreservation of cells and tissues are presented. Existing cryobiological models, including numerical ones, are reviewed.

DOI:10.1070/PU2008v051n03ABEH006449

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